{"id":26,"date":"2024-05-06T06:28:27","date_gmt":"2024-05-06T06:28:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/?p=26"},"modified":"2024-05-06T08:46:40","modified_gmt":"2024-05-06T08:46:40","slug":"amaya-zenarutzabeitia-venezuela-1955-1988","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/amaya-zenarutzabeitia-venezuela-1955-1988\/","title":{"rendered":"AMAYA ZENA\u0154UTZABEITIA [Venezuela, 1955-1988]"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ff2355c5-e66e-d54c-50ec-d44798502637_300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\"><p><strong>Date of the interview:<\/strong> 5\/8\/2012<\/p><p><strong>Interviewee:<\/strong> Amaya Zena\u0155utzabeitia Pikatza<\/p><p><strong>Interviewer:<\/strong> Catalina Uzcanga &#038; Pedro J. Oiarzabal<\/p><p><strong>Language:<\/strong> Espa\u00f1ol \/ Gaztelania<\/p><\/div><\/div><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull descripcion-completa is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" id=\"descripcion-completa\"><h3 class='wp-block-heading'>Description<\/h3><p>Amaya Zena\u0155utzabeitia relata las distintas situaciones que llev&oacute; a sus progenitores a emigrar a Venezuela, en cuya capital nacer&iacute;a ella el 9 de enero de 1955: su padre realizaba actividades clandestinas, y tras permanecer durante dos a&ntilde;os en Francia en unas condiciones muy precarias emigr&oacute; a Venezuela motivado por la idea de que hab&iacute;a mucha emigraci&oacute;n vasca en el pa&iacute;s; contrastando enormemente con el plan aventurero en el que viaj&oacute;, con 28 a&ntilde;os, su futura mujer a la que conocer&iacute;a en el Bar Polittena. Amaya tiene la impresi&oacute;n de que &ldquo;hab&iacute;a un componente pol&iacute;tico&rdquo;&nbsp;en la emigraci&oacute;n vasca al pa&iacute;s. Sus padres tuvieron una muy buena acogida en el pa&iacute;s, donde los vascos estaban muy bien catalogados.<\/p><p><\/p><p>Fue educada en distintos colegios hasta que empez&oacute; a estudiar una carrera universitaria, como todos sus hermanos. B&aacute;sicamente utilizaban el castellano para comunicarse, aunque cuando eran peque&ntilde;os en casa les hablaban en euskera siempre que pod&iacute;an, algo que intenta repetir con su marido e hijo en la actualidad. Viv&iacute;an en un barrio del centro de Caracas, a seis kil&oacute;metros del Centro Vasco de Caracas, que Amaya define como &ldquo;un Euskadi txikito&rdquo; (00:22:17). Adem&aacute;s del inter&eacute;s por conocer noticias de Euskadi Amaya relata las numerosas actividades y fiestas que se organizaban, resume: &ldquo;T&uacute; dime una fiesta y se celebraban todas&rdquo;. Fue precisamente en una de estas fiestas donde a&ntilde;os m&aacute;s tarde conocer&iacute;a a Agust&iacute;n, su futuro marido.<\/p><p><\/p><p>En 1982 con motivo de un congreso de m&eacute;dicos de la di&aacute;spora aprovech&oacute; para visitar durante 40 d&iacute;as Euskadi, donde sostiene que &ldquo;Si yo ganaba 1.800 bol&iacute;vares y aqu&iacute; era capit&aacute;n general al cambio&rdquo;, ejemplo del alto poder adquisitivo del que gozaba a su llegada. Aunque la realidad super&oacute; las expectativas y quiso quedarse, su padre insisti&oacute; en que volviese para terminar los dos a&ntilde;os que le quedaban para obtener el t&iacute;tulo de m&eacute;dico. A los meses de contraer matrimonio les surgi&oacute; la oportunidad de retornar a Euskadi con trabajo, algo que se materializar&iacute;a despu&eacute;s de un tiempo viviendo en Madrid y Gran Canarias. Instalarse en el pueblo en el que naci&oacute; su padre (Galdakao), donde la conocen como &ldquo;Txirritxu&rdquo; fue lo m&aacute;s f&aacute;cil del retorno, mientras que lo m&aacute;s dif&iacute;cil fue encontrar trabajo por las discriminaciones padecidas en este &aacute;mbito, especialmente en las oposiciones.<\/p><p><\/p><p>Preguntada por lo que supuso el hecho de emigrar en su vida, Amaya responde &ldquo;Para m&iacute; el recorrido es el de volver a la tierra prometida, a un sue&ntilde;o y un sue&ntilde;o adem&aacute;s que no defraud&oacute;&rdquo;.<\/p><\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Interviewee&#8217;s distination<\/h3><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Interviewee\u2019s destination city:<\/strong> Caracas<\/p><p><strong>Interviewee\u2019s destination country:<\/strong> Venezuela<\/p><p><strong>Interviewee\u2019s destination region:<\/strong> Distrito Capital<\/p><\/div><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key dates<\/h3><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1950<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Su padre llega a Venezuela<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1953<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Su madre llega a Venezuela<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1980<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Agust\u00edn, su futuro marido, llega a Venezuela<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1982<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Primera visita a Euskadi, con motivo de la visita del Congreso de M\u00e9dicos de la Dii\u00e1spora (10 de agosto)<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1982<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Fiesta de San Roque en Portugalete (16 de agosto)<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1982<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Fiesta del arrantzale en Ondarroa (18 de agosto)<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1982<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Visita Lumbiere (30 de agosto)<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1983<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Inundaciones en Bilbao<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1987<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Conoce a su futuro marido (septiembre)<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1988<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Viernes Negro (febrero)<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1988<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Retornan a Euskadi definitivamente (febrero)<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1992<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Nace su hijo (agosto)<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1988<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Se encuentra con unos amigos que vinieron a su boda en la parte vieja Donostiarra<\/p><\/div><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Interviewee&#8217;s origin<\/h3><p><strong>Country of the interview:<\/strong> Venezuela<\/p><p><strong>Region of the interview:<\/strong> Distrito Capital<\/p><p><strong>City of the interview:<\/strong> Caracas<\/p><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Place of the interview<\/h3><p><strong>Country of the interview:<\/strong> Euskadi<\/p><p><strong>Region of the interview:<\/strong> Bizkaia<\/p><p><strong>City of the interview:<\/strong> Bilbao<\/p><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h3><p><strong>People mentioned in the interview:<\/strong> Andoni\t \tIbarra\t \t\t \t \t &#8221; \tTxitxero\t &#8220;, Juli\u00e1n\t \tAtxurra, Txomin\t \tAurrekoetxea, Julio\t \tAzaola, Eli\t \tBustinza, Sabino\t \tCenarruzabeitia\t \tMaguregi, Agust\u00edn\t \tEtxebeste, Francisco\t \tFranco, Carlos \t \tGaraikoetxea\t \tUrriza, Edurne\t \tPikatza, Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9\t \tVillate, Julio\t \tZabalegui\t \tUgalde, Irene \t \tZalbidea<\/p><p><strong>Places mentioned in the interview:<\/strong> Ameriketako Estatu Batuak\t \/ \tEstados Unidos\t \/ \tUnited States of America USA, Donibane Garazi\t \/ \tSan Juan Pie de Puerto\t \/ \tSaint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, Donibane Lohizune\t \/ \tSan Juan de Luz\t \/ \tSaint-Jean-de-Luz, Donostia\t \/ \tSan Sebasti\u00e1n, Euskadi\t \/ \tPa\u00eds Vasco, Kanaria Handia\t \/ \tGran Canaria, Madril\t \/ \tMadrid, Algorta, Amorebieta &#8211; Etxano, Azpeitia, Bali, Caracas, Chicago, Costa Rica, Galdakao, Indianapolis, Irun, Irunberri, La Guaira, Loubersan, Markina &#8211; Xemein, Ondarroa, Portugalete, Puerto La Cruz, Puerto Ordaz, Sestao, Valencia, Venezuela, Villabona<\/p><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><p><strong>Categories:<\/strong><ul class=\"post-categories\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/adaptacion\/\" title=\"Adaptaci\u00f3n\">Adaptaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/adaptation\/\" title=\"Adaptation\">Adaptation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/antecedentes-migratorios\/\" title=\"Antecedentes migratorios\">Antecedentes migratorios<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/asociaciones-y-centros-vascos\/\" title=\"Asociaciones y centros vascos\">Asociaciones y centros vascos<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/basque\/\" title=\"Basque\">Basque<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/childhood-youth\/\" title=\"Childhood\/Youth\">Childhood\/Youth<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/euskera\/\" title=\"Euskera\">Euskera<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/infancia-juventud\/\" title=\"Infancia\/juventud\">Infancia\/juventud<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/journey-to-destination\/\" title=\"Journey to destination\">Journey to destination<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/la-comunidad-vasca\/\" title=\"La comunidad vasca\">La comunidad vasca<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/leisure-festivities-and-folklore\/\" title=\"Leisure, festivities and folklore\">Leisure, festivities and folklore<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/living-in-another-country\/\" title=\"Living in another country\">Living in another country<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/migratory-background\/\" title=\"Migratory background\">Migratory background<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/ocio-fiestas-y-folklore\/\" title=\"Ocio, fiestas y folklore\">Ocio, fiestas y folklore<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/permanent-return\/\" title=\"Permanent return\">Permanent return<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/retorno-definitivo\/\" title=\"Retorno definitivo\">Retorno definitivo<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/temporary-visits\/\" title=\"Temporary visits\">Temporary visits<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/the-basque-community\/\" title=\"The Basque community\">The Basque community<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/trabajo\/\" title=\"Trabajo\">Trabajo<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/viaje-al-destino\/\" title=\"Viaje al destino\">Viaje al destino<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/visitas-temporales\/\" title=\"Visitas temporales\">Visitas temporales<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/category\/vivir-en-otro-pais\/\" title=\"Vivir en otro pa\u00eds\">Vivir en otro pa\u00eds<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/work\/\" title=\"Work\">Work<\/a><\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Date of the interview: 5\/8\/2012 Interviewee: Amaya Zena\u0155utzabeitia Pikatza Interviewer: Catalina Uzcanga &#038; Pedro J. Oiarzabal Language: Espa\u00f1ol \/ Gaztelania [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,513,23,12,271,204,24,26,191,13,192,197,202,71,198,16,311,352,72,69,70,15,201],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-adaptacion","category-adaptation","category-antecedentes-migratorios","category-asociaciones-y-centros-vascos","category-basque","category-childhood-youth","category-euskera","category-infancia-juventud","category-journey-to-destination","category-la-comunidad-vasca","category-leisure-festivities-and-folklore","category-living-in-another-country","category-migratory-background","category-ocio-fiestas-y-folklore","category-permanent-return","category-retorno-definitivo","category-temporary-visits","category-the-basque-community","category-trabajo","category-viaje-al-destino","category-visitas-temporales","category-vivir-en-otro-pais","category-work","pais-de-destino-del-entrevistado-venezuela-en","ciudad-o-municipio-de-destino-de-caracas-en","pais-del-entrevistado-a-venezuela-en","ciudad-o-municipio-del-entrevist-caracas-en","personas-citadas-agustin-etxebeste-en","personas-citadas-andoni-ibarra-txitxero-en","personas-citadas-carlos-garaikoetxea-urriza-en","personas-citadas-edurne-pikatza-en","personas-citadas-eli-bustinza-en","personas-citadas-francisco-franco-en","personas-citadas-irene-zalbidea-en","personas-citadas-julian-atxurra-en","personas-citadas-julio-azaola-en","personas-citadas-julio-zabalegui-ugalde-en","personas-citadas-maria-jose-villate-en","personas-citadas-sabino-cenarruzabeitia-maguregi-en","personas-citadas-txomin-aurrekoetxea-en","lugares-citados-algorta-en","lugares-citados-ameriketako-estatu-batuak-estados-unidos-united-states-of-america-usa-en","lugares-citados-amorebieta-etxano-en","lugares-citados-azpeitia-en","lugares-citados-bali-en","lugares-citados-caracas-en","lugares-citados-chicago-en","lugares-citados-costa-rica-en","lugares-citados-donibane-garazi-san-juan-pie-de-puerto-saint-jean-pied-de-port-en","lugares-citados-donibane-lohizune-san-juan-de-luz-saint-jean-de-luz-en","lugares-citados-donostia-san-sebastian-en","lugares-citados-euskadi-pais-vasco-en","lugares-citados-galdakao-en","lugares-citados-indianapolis-en","lugares-citados-irun-en","lugares-citados-irunberri-en","lugares-citados-kanaria-handia-gran-canaria-en","lugares-citados-la-guaira-en","lugares-citados-loubersan-en","lugares-citados-madril-madrid-en","lugares-citados-markina-xemein-en","lugares-citados-ondarroa-en","lugares-citados-portugalete-en","lugares-citados-puerto-la-cruz-en","lugares-citados-puerto-ordaz-en","lugares-citados-sestao-en","lugares-citados-valencia-en","lugares-citados-venezuela-en","lugares-citados-villabona-en","fechas-relevantes-1950-en","fechas-relevantes-1953-en","fechas-relevantes-1980-en","fechas-relevantes-1982-en","fechas-relevantes-1983-en","fechas-relevantes-1987-en","fechas-relevantes-1988-en","fechas-relevantes-1992-en","entrevistador-a-catalina-uzcanga-pedro-j-oiarzabal-en"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26\/revisions\/27"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}