{"id":170,"date":"2024-05-06T06:32:24","date_gmt":"2024-05-06T06:32:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/?p=170"},"modified":"2024-05-06T08:46:14","modified_gmt":"2024-05-06T08:46:14","slug":"francisco-javier-zamora-estatu-batuak-1960-gaur-egun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/francisco-javier-zamora-estatu-batuak-1960-gaur-egun\/","title":{"rendered":"FRANCISCO JAVIER ZAMORA [Estatu Batuak, 1960 &#8211; gaur egun]"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" src=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/afd88dfd-c5e6-aad4-caa6-3ff75de31b52_300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-166 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\"><p><strong>Date of the interview:<\/strong> 7\/6\/2012<\/p><p><strong>Interviewee:<\/strong> Francisco Javier Zamora Cortabitarte<\/p><p><strong>Interviewer:<\/strong> Ainara Puerta Larra\u00f1aga<\/p><p><strong>Language:<\/strong> Euskera \/ Euskara<\/p><\/div><\/div><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull descripcion-completa is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" id=\"descripcion-completa\"><h3 class='wp-block-heading'>Description<\/h3><p>Francisco Javier (Javier a partir de ahora) naci&oacute; el 3 de agosto de 1942 en Bilbao y fue criado por su madre en el caser&iacute;o familiar de Ispaster hasta cumplir la mayor&iacute;a de edad. Se&ntilde;ala que en la localidad en la que creci&oacute;: &ldquo;nik ez naben euki aukerarik, biarra itten neban ba bizirik egoteko&rdquo; (yo no tuve otra opci&oacute;n, trabajaba para sobrevivir), hasta que se le present&oacute; la oportunidad de emigrar a Estados Unidos con un contrato de pastor para tres a&ntilde;os. Despu&eacute;s de un largo viaje que realiz&oacute; solo, Javier lleg&oacute; al continente americano en las navidades de 1960, y &ldquo;hementxe lehenengo ezautu neban ba nire aitta zala&rdquo; (fue aqu&iacute; donde supe que era mi padre), con quien retomar&iacute;a la relaci&oacute;n.<\/p><p><\/p><p>Tras dos primeros meses que califica de duros (los animales no entend&iacute;an euskera, pasaba todo el d&iacute;a en el monte&hellip;), fue adapt&aacute;ndose progresivamente al nuevo pa&iacute;s. Nos describe su d&iacute;a a d&iacute;a en el monte, y no duda en afirmar que: &ldquo;Mendiyen bakarrik zauzenin zaldixe da zeure txakurrek die lagunik onenak&rdquo; (Cuando est&aacute;s solo en el monte, tus mejores amigos son el caballo y tus propios perros). Asimismo, nos cuenta c&oacute;mo sus primeras amistades fueron pastores vascos, y el inter&eacute;s que ten&iacute;an por conocer noticias de Euskadi; manifestando que: &ldquo;Pasatzen dana: gorputze deukazu Ameriketan, da burue sarritxan Euskal Herrixen&rdquo; (Lo que sucede es: tienes el cuerpo en Am&eacute;rica, y a menudo la cabeza en Euskadi).<\/p><p><\/p><p>Tras tres a&ntilde;os y medio trabajando para su t&iacute;o, regres&oacute; a su tierra natal por unos meses, y volvi&oacute; a emigrar a Estados Unidos en el a&ntilde;o 1964, como campero. Javier explica que esa vez fue distinta: &ldquo;Bigarren bueltan zatozenin, ingles apur bat badakizu, defenditu beste, ta badakizu noa zatozen ebai da ze in ber dezun be bai&rdquo; (Cuando regresas por segunda vez, sabes un poco de ingl&eacute;s, es diferente, tambi&eacute;n sabes a d&oacute;nde vienes y qu&eacute; es lo que debes hacer) Mientras trabajaba en el rancho conoci&oacute; a Fey (&iquest;?), con la que la estar&iacute;a casado durante quince a&ntilde;os. Despu&eacute;s de tres a&ntilde;os y medio, empez&oacute; a realizar trabajo de campo y al poco tiempo, pudo cumplir su ilusi&oacute;n desde que era ni&ntilde;o: conducir un cami&oacute;n. Comenz&oacute; con la alfalfa, el grano&hellip; despu&eacute;s se anim&oacute; con m&aacute;s viajes y m&aacute;s largos todav&iacute;a, hasta que al adquirir m&aacute;s experiencia se introdujo en la compa&ntilde;&iacute;a del sindicato donde permanecer&iacute;a los &uacute;ltimos 30 a&ntilde;os de su vida laboral. A pesar de ser un trabajo duro, donde hab&iacute;a que conducir d&iacute;a y noche, Javier se sent&iacute;a a gusto.<\/p><p><\/p><p>Entretanto, se hizo miembro del Gooding Basque Association, contrajo matrimonio por segunda vez con Asun Bedialauneta, y siempre que pod&iacute;a asist&iacute;a a los festivales vascos organizados en diferentes ciudades del pa&iacute;s. Tambi&eacute;n visit&oacute; Euskadi por segunda vez: &ldquo;Bigarren bueltan etorri nintzenin enintzen jun atzera hamazortzi urtin edo, jun barik eon nitzan. Da ordun iye lagunek ez neban ezautzen (normala, iha hemezortzi urte pasa ondoren) eta Euskal Herriyek eta Espainiek kanbiyo haundiyek inda&rdquo; (La segunda vez que vine no regres&eacute; regres&eacute; hasta dieciocho a&ntilde;os despu&eacute;s. Entonces casi no conoc&iacute;a ni a los amigos, y tanto Euskadi como Espa&ntilde;a hab&iacute;an vivido grandes transformaciones).<\/p><p><\/p><p>Hoy en d&iacute;a, Javier lleva seis a&ntilde;os retirado y afirma sentirse a gusto en el pa&iacute;s en el que ha transcurrido la mayor parte de su vida. Mirando hacia atr&aacute;s, y preguntado por si emigrar&iacute;a en caso de ser joven responde: &ldquo;Eingo nuke berriro ba&ntilde;o diferente, artzain ez behintzat&rdquo; (Lo volver&iacute;a a hacer pero de distinto modo, desde luego que no como pastor).<\/p><\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Interviewee&#8217;s distination<\/h3><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Interviewee\u2019s destination city:<\/strong> Gooding<\/p><p><strong>Interviewee\u2019s destination country:<\/strong> Estatu Batuak \/ Estados Unidos \/ United States<\/p><p><strong>Interviewee\u2019s destination region:<\/strong> Idaho<\/p><\/div><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key dates<\/h3><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1960<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Emigra a Estados Unidos<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1964<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Javier visita Euskadi (de junio a diciembre)<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1964<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Emigra a Estados Unidos por segunda vez (diciembre)<\/p><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-group grupoEntrevista is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Year:<\/strong> 1975<\/p><p><strong>Event:<\/strong> Javier empieza a trabajar como camionero<\/p><\/div><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Interviewee&#8217;s origin<\/h3><p><strong>Country of the interview:<\/strong> Euskadi<\/p><p><strong>Region of the interview:<\/strong> Bizkaia<\/p><p><strong>City of the interview:<\/strong> Bilbao<\/p><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Place of the interview<\/h3><p><strong>Country of the interview:<\/strong> Estatu Batuak \/ Estados Unidos \/ United States<\/p><p><strong>Region of the interview:<\/strong> Nevada<\/p><p><strong>City of the interview:<\/strong> Elko<\/p><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h3><p><strong>People mentioned in the interview:<\/strong> Juli\u00e1n\t \tLegarreta, Carmelo\t \tZamora, Mario\t \tZamora<\/p><p><strong>Places mentioned in the interview:<\/strong> Amerika\t \/ \tAm\u00e9rica, Espainia\t \/ \tEspa\u00f1a, Euskadi\t \/ \tPa\u00eds Vasco, Kalifornia\t \/ \tCalifornia, Arizona, Bilbao, Boise, Denver, Elko, Gooding, Idaho, Ispaster, Lekeitio, Mountain Home, Nevada, Oregon, Paris, Portland, Salt Lake City, Washington<\/p><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><p><strong>Categories:<\/strong><ul class=\"post-categories\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/basque\/\" title=\"Basque\">Basque<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/basque-associations-and-centres\/\" title=\"Basque associations and centres\">Basque associations and centres<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/family-life\/\" title=\"Family life\">Family life<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/friends-and-acquaintances\/\" title=\"Friends and acquaintances\">Friends and acquaintances<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/leisure-festivities-and-folklore\/\" title=\"Leisure, festivities and folklore\">Leisure, festivities and folklore<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/life-in-the-farm\/\" title=\"Life in the farm\">Life in the farm<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/living-in-another-country\/\" title=\"Living in another country\">Living in another country<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/other\/\" title=\"Other\">Other<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/pasturage-work\/\" title=\"Pasturage work\">Pasturage work<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/temporary-visits\/\" title=\"Temporary visits\">Temporary visits<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/category\/the-basque-community\/\" title=\"The Basque community\">The Basque community<\/a><\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Date of the interview: 7\/6\/2012 Interviewee: Francisco Javier Zamora Cortabitarte Interviewer: Ainara Puerta Larra\u00f1aga Language: Euskera \/ Euskara Description Francisco [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":166,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[271,351,203,269,192,267,197,312,512,311,352],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-170","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-basque","category-basque-associations-and-centres","category-family-life","category-friends-and-acquaintances","category-leisure-festivities-and-folklore","category-life-in-the-farm","category-living-in-another-country","category-other","category-pasturage-work","category-temporary-visits","category-the-basque-community","pais-de-destino-del-entrevistado-estatu-batuak-estados-unidos-united-states-en","ciudad-o-municipio-de-destino-de-gooding-en","pais-del-entrevistado-a-euskadi-en","ciudad-o-municipio-del-entrevist-bilbao-en","personas-citadas-carmelo-zamora-en","personas-citadas-julian-legarreta-en","personas-citadas-mario-zamora-en","lugares-citados-amerika-america-en","lugares-citados-arizona-en","lugares-citados-bilbao-en","lugares-citados-boise-en","lugares-citados-denver-en","lugares-citados-elko-en","lugares-citados-espainia-espana-en","lugares-citados-euskadi-pais-vasco-en","lugares-citados-gooding-en","lugares-citados-idaho-en","lugares-citados-ispaster-en","lugares-citados-kalifornia-california-en","lugares-citados-lekeitio-en","lugares-citados-mountain-home-en","lugares-citados-nevada-en","lugares-citados-oregon-en","lugares-citados-paris-en","lugares-citados-portland-en","lugares-citados-salt-lake-city-en","lugares-citados-washington-en","fechas-relevantes-1960-en","fechas-relevantes-1964-en","fechas-relevantes-1975-en","entrevistador-a-ainara-puerta-larranaga-en"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=170"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":171,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170\/revisions\/171"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=170"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=170"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ondarebizia.deusto.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=170"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}